Eswatini, a small landlocked country in Southern Africa, is not typically known for its mining activities compared to its larger neighbours like South Africa and Mozambique. However, the country has a rich history of mining, particularly coal, which once played a central role in its economy. Today, Eswatini’s mining sector remains relatively underdeveloped, though there is potential for growth as interest in minerals such as iron ore, gold, and diamonds increase. With proper investment and exploration, Eswatini could revive its mining industry and diversify its economy further.

The Revival of Eswatini’s Mining Sector

Historically, coal mining was the backbone of Eswatini’s mining industry, contributing significantly to the country’s GDP in the mid-20th century. Over time, the industry faced a decline. However, recent efforts have focused on reviving mining activities, particularly in minerals like iron ore. Studies suggest that Eswatini has reserves of minerals such as iron, gold, and diamonds, which are yet to be fully explored and tapped. If developed, these resources could lead to substantial economic benefits, including job creation and increased export revenues.

Challenges and Environmental Considerations

One of the biggest challenges facing the mining industry in Eswatini is the need for improved infrastructure. Mining operations require access to roads, energy, and water, which are often lacking in remote areas of the country. Additionally, environmental sustainability is a key concern. Eswatini’s economy relies heavily on agriculture, and mining activities must be carefully managed to avoid disrupting ecosystems and local communities. Ensuring sustainable mining practices will be essential as the country seeks to balance industrial growth with environmental protection.